How are seismic technologies used in finding oil and gas today?What we use in exploring Earth’s energy resources is called reflection seismology.

I. Q: What is Seismic Survey? A: The seismic survey is one form of a geophysical survey that aims at measuring the earth’s (geo-) properties by means of physical (-physics) principles such as magnetic, electric, gravitational, thermal, and elastic theories. It is based on the theory of elasticity and therefore tries to deduce elastic properties […]

P wave is body waves that propagate through the planet. P-waves travel 60% faster than S-waves on average because the interior of the Earth does not react the same way to both of them.   P-waves are compression waves that apply a force in the direction of propagation. As the interior of the Earth is […]

Seismic refraction is a geophysical principle governed by Snell’s Law. Used in the fields of engineering geology, geotechnical engineering and exploration geophysics.

What is a hydrophone?   A piezo hydrophone is a kind of underwater microphone designed to monitor underwater noise. A typical peizo hydrophone works by detecting pressure changes in the surrounding environment and converting sound waves into voltage. The speed and distance of the sound wave propagating in the water is proportional to the pressure […]

The geophone in seismic survey is the instrument used to transform seismic energy into an electrical voltage. It ordinarily responds to only on the component of the grounds displacement, velocity, or acceleration associated with the passage of a seismic wave. For a seismic reflection survey with P-waves, this is the vertical component.   A motion-sensitive […]

Multichannel analysis of surface waves geophones is designed to respond to a certain frequency (e.g.4.5Hz,8Hz,14Hz and 40Hz). While a 4.5Hz geophone is used for most depth. Multichannel analysis of surface waves seismic survey that needs to cover a long linear path quickly may utilize a land streamer. 4.5Hz Geophone Commonly Used Land Streamer One common […]